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Old 03-25-14, 11:15 AM   #101
AC_Hacker
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Default Project Improvement...

Although the fan-control part of the program worked just fine, I had a persistent problem with the display of the CO2 values, in that values below 999 ppm were all showing properly, but once the displayed values exceeded 999 ppm, and went into 4-digits (EX: 1032 ppm) and then dropped below a 4-digit value, the last digit would hang, and a value like 984 ppm would read out something like 9842 ppm, with the last digit being a persistent artifact from the last 4-digit value that had been displayed.

The fix was to flush the ppm value part of the display with 4 blank spaces before printing the ppm value. Fix code is at lines 239 through 247.

Below, is the revised code.

By the way, I've been watching my monitor-controller which senses CO2, temperature and humidity for a bit over a year now, and I am amazed at how accurate the temperature-humidity chip (SHT15) has been. In fact, it has become my reference monitor!

Best,

-AC

Code:
/*
 * Example code for SHT1x or SHT7x sensors demonstrating blocking calls
 * for temperature and humidity measurement in the setup routine and
 * non-blocking calls in the main loop.  The pin 13 LED is flashed as a
 * background task while temperature and humidity measurements are made.
 * In addition, the sensor may be placed in low resolution mode by
 * uncommenting the status register write call in setup().
 */
 
 /*
 
  The circuit:
 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12      => Teensy 5
 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11  => Teensy 4
 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5       => Teensy 23
 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4       => Teensy 22
 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3       => Teensy 21
 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2       => Teensy 20
 * LCD R/W pin to ground
 * 10K resistor:
 * ends to +5V and ground
 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
 */
 
 //Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion
 double Fahrenheit(double celsius)
 {
 	return 1.8 * celsius + 32;
}

//Celsius to Kelvin conversion
double Kelvin(double celsius)
{
	return celsius + 273.15;
}

// dewPoint function NOAA
// reference: http://wahiduddin.net/calc/density_algorithms.htm 
double dewPoint(double celsius, double humidity)
{
	double A0= 373.15/(273.15 + celsius);
	double SUM = -7.90298 * (A0-1);
	SUM += 5.02808 * log10(A0);
	SUM += -1.3816e-7 * (pow(10, (11.344*(1-1/A0)))-1) ;
	SUM += 8.1328e-3 * (pow(10,(-3.49149*(A0-1)))-1) ;
	SUM += log10(1013.246);
	double VP = pow(10, SUM-3) * humidity;
	double T = log(VP/0.61078);   // temp var
	return (241.88 * T) / (17.558-T);
}

// delta max = 0.6544 wrt dewPoint()
// 5x faster than dewPoint()
// reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dew_point
double dewPointFast(double celsius, double humidity)
{
	double a = 17.271;
	double b = 237.7;
	double temp = (a * celsius) / (b + celsius) + log(humidity/100);
	double Td = (b * temp) / (a - temp);
	return Td;
}

// include the library code:
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(5, 4, 23, 22, 21, 20);

// Define pins for CO2 Sensor
int CO2_ReadPin = 38;                    // initialize pin 38 for analog voltage in
int PWM_WritePin = 14;                   // initialize pin 14 for PWM
int CO2_Value;
int PWM_Value;
int DutyCycle;
int ppm;

 

#include <Sensirion.h>

const uint8_t dataPin =  10;            // SHT serial data (Teensy)
const uint8_t sclkPin =  11;            // SHT serial clock (Teensy)
const uint8_t ledPin  =  6;            // Arduino built-in LED (Teensy)


const uint32_t TRHSTEP   = 3000UL;     // Sensor query period
const uint32_t BLINKSTEP =  250UL;     // LED blink period

Sensirion sht = Sensirion(dataPin, sclkPin);

uint16_t rawData;
float temperature;
float humidity;
float dewpoint;

byte shtState = 0;
byte ledState = 0;

unsigned long curMillis;               // Time interval tracking
unsigned long trhMillis = 0;
unsigned long blinkMillis = 0;

void setup(){
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: 
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  //lcd.print("ACHacker");
  
  // Setup for CO2 Sensor
  pinMode(PWM_WritePin, OUTPUT);         // Make PWM_pin (AKA: pin 14) an output pin
  int CO2_Value = 0;                     // variable set to zero
  int PWM_Value = 0;                     // variable set to zero
  int DutyCycle = 0;                     // variable set to zero  
  int ppm = 0;                           // variable set to zero 
  
//Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  delay(15);                           // Wait at least 11 ms before first cmd
//  sht.writeSR(LOW_RES);                // Set sensor to low resolution
  sht.measTemp(&rawData);              // Maps to: sht.meas(TEMP, &rawData, BLOCK)
  temperature = sht.calcTemp(rawData);
  sht.measHumi(&rawData);              // Maps to: sht.meas(HUMI, &rawData, BLOCK)
  humidity = sht.calcHumi(rawData, temperature);
  dewpoint = sht.calcDewpoint(humidity, temperature);
  logData();
}

void loop()
{
  curMillis = millis();

  if (curMillis - blinkMillis >= BLINKSTEP) {    // Time to toggle the LED state?
    ledState ^= 1;
    digitalWrite(ledPin, ledState);
    blinkMillis = curMillis;
  }

  switch (shtState) {
  case 0:
    if (curMillis - trhMillis >= TRHSTEP) {      // Start new temp/humi measurement?
      sht.meas(TEMP, &rawData, NONBLOCK);
      shtState++;
      trhMillis = curMillis;
    }
    break;
  case 1:
    if (sht.measRdy()) {                         // Process temperature measurement?
      temperature = sht.calcTemp(rawData);
      sht.meas(HUMI, &rawData, NONBLOCK);
      shtState++;
    }
    break;
  case 2:
    if (sht.measRdy()) {                         // Process humidity measurement?
      humidity = sht.calcHumi(rawData, temperature);
      dewpoint = sht.calcDewpoint(humidity, temperature);
      shtState = 0;
      logData();
    }
    break;
  default:
    Serial.println("How did I get here?");
    break;
  }
}

void logData() {
  //Serial.print("Temperature = ");   Serial.print(temperature);
  //Serial.print(" C, Humidity = ");  Serial.print(humidity);
  //Serial.print(" %, Dewpoint = ");  Serial.print(dewpoint);
  //Serial.println(" C");
  
  
//$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
    // Loop for CO2 Sensor
    CO2_Value = analogRead(CO2_ReadPin);   // read Teensy input pin 38
    unsigned int ppm = ((unsigned long)analogRead(CO2_ReadPin) * 2500)/1024;  // calc ppm
    //Serial.print("CO2 level     = ");      // Write ppm to serial monitor
    //Serial.print(ppm); 
    //Serial.println(" ppm");
    PWM_Value = CO2_Value/4;               // Scale CO2_Value (range = 1024) to PWM_Value (range = 256)
    analogWrite(PWM_WritePin, (PWM_Value + 54));  // Write PWM_Value to PWM_WritePin
    //Serial.print("PWM_Value is  = ");      // Write val to serial monitor
    //Serial.println(PWM_Value + 54);
    DutyCycle = (100 * (PWM_Value + 54) / 256);   // Calculate DutyCycle
    //Serial.print("PWM DutyCycle = ");      // Write DutyCycle to serial monitor
    //Serial.print(DutyCycle);
    //Serial.println("%");

  //PRINTING TEMPERATURE
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 0
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0): %column, row%
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);  
  // print the Temperature title
  lcd.print("Temp");
  
   // set the cursor to column 5, line 0
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0):
  lcd.setCursor(5, 0);  
  // print the Temperature valie
  //****lcd.print(Fahrenheit(DHT11.temperature), 0);
  lcd.print(Fahrenheit(temperature), 0);
  
  // set the cursor to column 7, line 0
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0): %column, row%
  lcd.setCursor(7, 0);  
  // print the Temperature 'F'
  lcd.print("F");
  
  //PRINTING RELATIVE HUMIDITY
  // set the cursor to column 10, line 0
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0):
  lcd.setCursor(10, 0);  
  // print the Relative Humidity title
  lcd.print("RH");
  
  // set the cursor to column 13, line 0
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0):
  lcd.setCursor(13, 0);  
  // print the Relative Humidity value
  //*****lcd.print((float)DHT11.humidity, 0);
  lcd.print(humidity, 0);
  
  // set the cursor to column 15, line 0
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0): %column, row%
  lcd.setCursor(15, 0);  
  // print the Relative Humidity percent sign
  lcd.print("%");
  
  
  //PRINTING CO2 READINGS
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0):
  lcd.setCursor(2, 1);  
  // print the CO2 title
  lcd.print("CO2 ");
  
  // set the cursor to column 6, line 1
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0):
  lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
  // print 'purge' characters to eliminate persistent last digit
  lcd.print("    ");
  // reposition the cursor to column 6, line 1
  lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
  // print the CO2 value
  lcd.print(ppm);
  
    // set the cursor to column 11, line 1
  // (note: line 0 is the first row, since counting begins with 0): %column, row%
  lcd.setCursor(11, 1);  
  // print the CO2 'ppm'
  lcd.print("ppm");
  
  
  delay(2000);

}

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Last edited by AC_Hacker; 03-25-14 at 11:36 AM..
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Old 06-08-14, 01:35 PM   #102
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Default

A/C no point in double, Arduino treats it a single precision float.

Occupancy controlled ventilation (DCV) motion sensors & CO2

CPD - October 2012: Demand-controlled ventilation to reduce fan energy use | Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers - CIBSE Journal

However, unless it goes above the recommended 1,000 ppm (compared with outdoor CO2 levels of about 400ppm) it will have a negligible affect on the occupants

Good website, lots of info on many topics

Last edited by buffalobillpatrick; 06-08-14 at 02:50 PM..
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Old 06-08-14, 02:57 PM   #103
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Default

BBP,

AC and I have gone around this discussion several times. Be aware that he has a very small home and he has sealed it almost like a boat. In his case, about 1 home in a million (or less), he does get elevated CO2 levels frequently.

If an HRV (or ERV) were constantly used, then the elevated CO2 would not be an issue.

Steve
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Last edited by stevehull; 06-08-14 at 04:26 PM..
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Old 06-08-14, 04:32 PM   #104
AC_Hacker
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Quote:
Originally Posted by stevehull View Post
...If an HRV (or ERV) were constantly used, then the elevated CO2 would not be an issue...
Which is the whole point of my CO2 controller for an HRV.

No HRV is 100% efficient when it runs... there is a constant heat loss during it's operation, even with the best of them.

A CO2 controller can optimize the air exchange rate of the HRV, and run the HRV at the volumetric rate required to suit the occasion, thus minimizing the heat loss.

You don't have to choose between a CO2 controller and a HRV, it is a short-sighted and limiting point of view.

You combine them to get the optimum benefit.

Quote:
Be aware that he has a very small home and he has sealed it almost like a boat. In his case, about 1 home in a million (or less), he does get elevated CO2 levels frequently.
This is all true, I actually am trying to apply the rigor of Passive House construction in retrofitting my 1892 house... it ain't easy as a retrofit. It would be much easier and more effective employing these techniques during construction, as BBP has the opportunity for. But at any stage, it is the way of the future. Be mindful that ALL passive houses require mechanical ventilation, and the efficiency of these HRVs is specified to be 85% minimum.

If I also lived in Oklahoma (as S.Hull does), a state that discourages solar installations (through energy taxes that are tantamount to a tax), and also has one of the lowest natural gas price levels on the planet (which minimizes the incentive to opt for efficient and other earth-friendly alternatives) , I'd be likely to advise a casual attitude toward energy conservation, too.

Thankfully I don't, I live in a state that has a very progressive attitude regarding energy, and that has informed my thinking.


-AC_Hacker
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Old 06-09-14, 01:44 PM   #105
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stevehull:
I was just sharing info, not critique of A/C

I have my CO2 sensor running. it often goes over 1000ppm in my bedroom overnight.

With my Son cooking in kitchen it went over 1550ppm out there.

That link states: Occupancy controlled ventilation (DCV) motion sensors & CO2 sensors
are very worthwhile controls for ventilation.

I'm using both in my new house build with HRV.

I have a (DCV) automatic timer scheme working on Arduino that will ventilate any bathroom that a person has been in with a selectable time period & duty cycle, only for that bathroom and its associated bedroom.

Also there is a manual time selectable switch in each bathroom that runs the HRV only for that bathroom and its associated bedroom.

Last edited by buffalobillpatrick; 06-09-14 at 02:00 PM..
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Old 06-09-14, 01:56 PM   #106
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Default Thanks BBP

Thanks BBP, I just edited in your useful link to the initial post of this thread.

Best,

-AC_Hacker

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