You first need to figure out how many sun hours per day you get at your location, then you figure out what your shading is going to be, calculate the type of mounting you are going to have (fixed, adjustable for seasons, or tracker) then you take the amount of sun that you have left per day and use that to figure out how many panels you need based off your electrical use, it used to be that you would also figure in losses for inverters and so on, but with the new micro inverters and with maximum power point tracking you figure your output is going to be right around your rated output of the panels.
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