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Perhaps you could devise electronics to bring the transmission (and flywheel if you think you need it) into play after the windmill got up to speed?
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It's very crude, but I hope you get the idea from some simplistic pseudo code for a micro-controller.
It's far easier to change a bit of code than unsolder components
//Start
(Loop until true) Read the speed of the turbine until the speed is greater than the set cut in speed.
(When true) Read the speed of the turbine, store the result and activate the field windings using the shortest pulse width and move on to the main program loop
//Main program
Wait a set time for the load on the turbine to take effect (possibly 2 seconds but to be found by experimentation)
Read the speed of the turbine and compare it with the previously stored speed
If the speed is greater than the stored speed (turbine spinning faster) increase the pulse width and replace the stored speed with the new speed.
If the pulse width is at maximum and the speed still increases call the overspeed function
If the speed is less than the stored speed (turbine slowing down) decrease the pulse width and replace the stored speed with the new speed.
If the speed is less than the cut in speed deactivate the field windings and go back to the start
Else continue with the main program
//Overspeed
Active the dump load or brake or furling
Keep reading the turbine speed until less than the set maximum speed then return to the main program